A. MAKING IONIC COMPOUNDS:
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| The actual presentation of the experiment. |
This experiment aims to:
® Observe the reactions of elements to form two compounds.
® Apply the lessons learned in Chemical Bonding.
® Learn how to write chemical formulas for ionic compounds.
® To form ionic compounds by mixing cations and anions.
Procedure No. | Observations | Explanations |
2 | When we added Solutions A,B and C in each columns, nothing changed yet. The color of the solutions was still the same. | |
3 | When we added Solution X to the first row containing A,B, and C. The colors of the mixed solution changed. Originally, the color of Solution A was orange/ yellow in color but when solution X was added there was an insoluble formed at the middle which was color Brown. When we added Solution X in B, the color wasn’t as clear as the original color instead, it turned a little yellow and in the middle was another insoluble formed that was yellow in color. | When solution AX was combined it formed the Element Ferrous Carbonate. In solution BX, Silver Carbornate was formed. In solution CX, Lead Carbonate was formed. |
5 | In Solution Y, when we added Solution A, there was no insoluble formed instead the color in the middle took up most of the space. It was orange while the other color was yellow. Solution BX had an insoluble unlike Solution AY. It was color brown while the insoluble was a darker shade of brown. Solution CY on the other hand was just white in color with no insoluble meaning it didn’t change. | Solution AY resulted to Ferrous Hydroxide. Solution BY when combined resulted to Silver Hydroxide and Solution CY resulted to Lead Hydroxide. |
6 | In solution Z, when combined with Solution A to form AZ, the color formed was yellow without an insoluble. Solution BZ, was a little similar to AZ but the color yellow had a lighter shade and it had an insoluble. Solution CZ was purely white with a white insoluble formed at the middle. | Solution AZ resulted to Ferrous Phosphate.. Solution Bz when combined resulted to Silver Phosphate and Solution CY resulted to Lead Phosphate. |
The mixing of a cation and an anion leads to the formation of an ionic compound. The resulting ionic compound may or may not be soluble in water depending on its solubility property. For example, most of the compounds of the alkali metals are soluble in water. Many classes of ionic compounds, however, are in soluble.
Ionic compounds dissolve in water if the energy given off when the ions interact with water molecules compensates for the energy needed to break the ionic bonds in the solid and the energy required to separate the water molecules so that the ions can be inserted into solution. I think that mixing a cation and anion may or may not lead to the formation of an insoluble ionic compound depending on the situation. Ionic compounds dissolve in polar solvents, especially those which ionize, such as water and ionic liquids. They are usually appreciably soluble in other polar solvents such as alcohols, acetone and dimethyl sulfoxide as well. Ionic compounds tend not to dissolve in nonpolar solvents such as diethyl ether or petrol. I think it is possible to form an insoluble ionic compound when cations and anions are mixed because there may be properties or certain qualities that a cation can fully give to the anion. Sometimes it lacks to complete and follow the octet rule as shown in the covalent bond which may be the reason why there are insoluble ionic compounds formed.
The following are the correct formulas and name for each ionic compound made.
Ferrous Carbonate: Fe2 (CO3)3
Silver Carbonate: Ag(CO3)2
Lead Carbonate: PbCO3
Iron (II) Hydroxide: Fe(OH)2
Silver Hydroxide: AgOH
Lead (II) Hydroxide: Pb(OH)2
Iron (III) Phosphate: FePO4
Silver Phosphate: Ag3PO4.
Lead (II) Phosphate: Pb3(PO4)2
Submitted By: Group 5
San Juan
Tejada
Sanchez
Mortega
Vergara
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